Last data update: May 06, 2024. (Total: 46732 publications since 2009)
Records 1-15 (of 15 Records) |
Query Trace: Popovic T[original query] |
---|
CDC Grand Rounds: Newborn screening and improved outcomes.
Howell RR , Terry S , Tait VF , Olney R , Hinton CF , Grosse S , Eichwald J , Cuthbert C , Popovic T , Glidewell J . MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2012 61 (21) 390-3 Newborn screening is the practice of testing every newborn for certain harmful or potentially fatal conditions, such as hearing loss and certain genetic, endocrine, and metabolic disorders that typically are not otherwise apparent at birth. Newborn screening in the United States began in the 1960s. Universal newborn screening has become a well-established, state-based, public health system involving education, screening, diagnostic follow-up, treatment and management, and system monitoring and evaluation. Each year, >98% of approximately 4 million newborns in the United States are screened. Through early identification, newborn screening provides an opportunity for treatment and significant reductions in morbidity and mortality. |
A science impact framework to measure impact beyond journal metrics
Ari MD , Iskander J , Araujo J , Casey C , Kools J , Chen B , Swain R , Kelly M , Popovic T . PLoS One 2020 15 (12) e0244407 Measuring the impact of public health science or research is important especially when it comes to health outcomes. Achieving the desired health outcomes take time and may be influenced by several contributors, making attribution of credit to any one entity or effort problematic. Here we offer a science impact framework (SIF) for tracing and linking public health science to events and/or actions with recognized impact beyond journal metrics. The SIF was modeled on the Institute of Medicine's (IOM) Degrees of Impact Thermometer, but differs in that SIF is not incremental, not chronological, and has expanded scope. The SIF recognizes five domains of influence: disseminating science, creating awareness, catalyzing action, effecting change and shaping the future (scope differs from IOM). For public health, the goal is to achieve one or more specific health outcomes. What is unique about this framework is that the focus is not just on the projected impact or outcome but rather the effects that are occurring in real time with the recognition that the measurement field is complex, and it takes time for the ultimate outcome to occur. The SIF is flexible and can be tailored to measure the impact of any scientific effort: from complex initiatives to individual publications. The SIF may be used to measure impact prospectively of an ongoing or new body of work (e.g., research, guidelines and recommendations, or technology) and retrospectively of completed and disseminated work, through linking of events using indicators that are known and have been used for measuring impact. Additionally, linking events offers an approach to both tell our story and also acknowledge other players in the chain of events. The value added by science can easily be relayed to the scientific community, policy makers and the public. |
Personalized medicine and Hispanic health: improving health outcomes and reducing health disparities - a National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute workshop report
Aviles-Santa ML , Heintzman J , Lindberg NM , Guerrero-Preston R , Ramos K , Abraido-Lanza AL , Bull J , Falcon A , McBurnie MA , Moy E , Papanicolaou G , Pina IL , Popovic J , Suglia SF , Vazquez MA . BMC Proc 2017 11 11 Persons of Hispanic/Latino descent may represent different ancestries, ethnic and cultural groups and countries of birth. In the U.S., the Hispanic/Latino population is projected to constitute 29% of the population by 2060. A personalized approach focusing on individual variability in genetics, environment, lifestyle and socioeconomic determinants of health may advance the understanding of some of the major factors contributing to the health disparities experienced by Hispanics/Latinos and other groups in the U.S., thus leading to new strategies that improve health care outcomes. However, there are major gaps in our current knowledge about how personalized medicine can shape health outcomes among Hispanics/Latinos and address the potential factors that may explain the observed differences within this heterogeneous group, and between this group and other U.S. demographic groups. For that purpose, the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), in collaboration with the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), held a workshop in which experts discussed (1) potential approaches to study medical treatments and health outcomes among Hispanics/Latinos and garner the necessary evidence to fill gaps of efficacy, effectiveness and safety of therapies for heart, lung, blood and sleep (HLBS) disorders and conditions--and their risk factors; (2) research opportunities related to personalized medicine to improve knowledge and develop effective interventions to reduce health disparities among Hispanics/Latinos in the U.S.; and (3) the incorporation of expanded sociocultural and socioeconomic data collection and genetic/genomic/epigenetic information of Hispanic/Latino patients into their clinical assessments, to account for individual variability in ancestry; physiology or disease risk; culture; environment; lifestyle; and socioeconomic determinants of health. The experts also provided recommendations on: sources of Hispanic/Latino health data and strategies to enhance its collection; policy; genetics, genomics and epigenetics research; and integrating Hispanic/Latino health research within clinical settings. |
Responding to a cVDPV1 outbreak in Ukraine: Implications, challenges and opportunities
Khetsuriani N , Perehinets I , Nitzan D , Popovic D , Moran T , Allahverdiyeva V , Huseynov S , Gavrilin E , Slobodianyk L , Izhyk O , Sukhodolska A , Hegazi S , Bulavinova K , Platov S , O'Connor P . Vaccine 2017 35 (36) 4769-4776 BACKGROUND: The European Region, certified polio-free in 2002, remains at risk of wild poliovirus reintroduction and emergence of circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPV) until global polio eradication is achieved, as demonstrated by the cVDPV1 outbreak in Ukraine in 2015. METHODS: We reviewed epidemiologic, clinical and virology data on cVDPV cases, surveillance and immunization coverage data, and reports of outbreak-related surveys, country missions, and expert group meetings. RESULTS: In Ukraine, 3-dose polio vaccine coverage declined from 91% in 2008 to 15% by mid-2015. In summer, 2015, two unrelated children from Zakarpattya province were paralyzed by a highly divergent cVDPV1. The isolates were 20 and 26 nucleotide divergent from prototype Sabin strain (with 18 identical mutations) consistent with their common origin and approximately 2-year evolution. Outbreak response recommendations developed with international partner support included conducting three nationwide supplementary immunization activities (SIAs) with tOPV, strengthening surveillance and implementing communication interventions. SIAs were conducted during October 2015-February 2016 (officially reported coverage, round 1-64.4%, round 2-71.7%, and round 3-80.7%). Substantial challenges to outbreak response included lack of high-level support, resistance to OPV use, low perceived risk of polio, widespread vaccine hesitancy, anti-vaccine media environment, economic crisis and military conflict. Communication activities improved caregiver awareness of polio and confidence in vaccination. Surveillance was enhanced but did not consistently meet applicable performance standards. Post-outbreak assessments concluded that cVDPV1 transmission in Ukraine has likely stopped following the response, but significant gaps in population immunity and surveillance remained. CONCLUSIONS: Chronic under-vaccination in Ukraine resulted in the accumulation of children susceptible to polioviruses and created favorable conditions for VDPV1 emergence and circulation, leading to the outbreak. Until programmatic gaps in immunization and surveillance are addressed, Ukraine will remain at high-risk for VDPV emergence and circulation, as well as at risk for other vaccine-preventable diseases. |
CDC Grand Rounds: creating a healthier future through prevention of child maltreatment
Saul J , Valle LA , Mercy JA , Turner S , Kaufmann R , Popovic T . MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2014 63 (12) 260-3 Child maltreatment is abuse or neglect of a child by a parent or other caregiver that results in potential or actual harm or threats of harm to a child. Maltreatment encompasses both acts of commission (abuse) and omission (neglect). Child maltreatment is divided into four types: 1) physical abuse (e.g., hitting, kicking, shaking, or burning); 2) sexual abuse (e.g., rape or fondling); 3) psychological abuse (e.g., terrorizing or belittling); and 4) neglect, which involves the failure to meet a child's basic physical, emotional, or educational needs (e.g., not providing nutrition, shelter, or medical or mental health care) or the failure to supervise the child in a way that ensures safety (e.g., not taking reasonable steps to prevent injury). In 2012, a total of 1,593 children were reported to have died as a result of maltreatment in the United States. Also in 2012, state child protective service (CPS) agencies received an estimated 3.4 million reports of alleged maltreatment, involving an estimated 6.3 million children. Following the CPS investigation or other response, nearly 700,000 children were confirmed as having been maltreated. However, many cases are never reported to authorities; the actual scope of child maltreatment is greater. For example, data from a nationally representative survey in 2011 of children and adult caregivers (usually parents) suggest that 13.8% of children are maltreated each year and 25.6% experienced maltreatment at some point during childhood. |
CDC Grand Rounds: preventing hospital-associated venous thromboembolism
Streiff MB , Brady JP , Grant AM , Grosse SD , Wong B , Popovic T . MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2014 63 (9) 190-3 Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is a blood clot in a large vein, usually in the leg or pelvis. Sometimes a DVT detaches from the site of formation and becomes mobile in the blood stream. If the circulating clot moves through the heart to the lungs it can block an artery supplying blood to the lungs. This condition is called pulmonary embolism. The disease process that includes DVT and/or pulmonary embolism is called venous thromboembolism (VTE). Each year in the United States, an estimated 350,000-900,000 persons develop incident VTE, of whom approximately 100,000 die, mostly as sudden deaths, the cause of which often goes unrecognized. In addition, 30%-50% of persons with lower-extremity DVT develop postthrombotic syndrome (a long-term complication that causes swelling, pain, discoloration, and, in severe cases, ulcers in the affected limb). Finally, 10%-30% of persons who survive the first occurrence of VTE develop another VTE within 5 years. |
CDC Grand Rounds: discovering new diseases via enhanced partnership between public health and pathology experts
Zaki S , Blau DM , Hughes JM , Nolte KB , Lynfield R , Carr W , Popovic T . MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2014 63 (6) 121-126 Despite advances in public health, medicine, and technology, infectious diseases remain a major source of illness and death worldwide. In the United States alone, unexplained deaths resulting from infectious disease agents have an estimated annual incidence of 0.5 per 100,000 persons aged 1-49 years. Emerging and newly recognized infections, such as hantavirus pulmonary syndrome and West Nile encephalitis, often are associated with life-threatening illnesses and death. Other infectious diseases once thought to be on the decline, such as pertussis, again are becoming major public health threats. Animals increasingly are being recognized as potential vectors for infectious diseases affecting humans; approximately 75% of recently emerging human infectious diseases are of animal origin. Increasing global interconnectivity necessitates more rapid identification of infectious disease agents to prevent, treat, and control diseases. |
Analysis of three factors possibly influencing the outcome of a science review process
Araujo J , Ghiya ND , Calugar A , Popovic T . Account Res 2014 21 (4) 241-64 We analyzed a process for the annual selection of a Federal agency's best peer-reviewed, scientific papers with the goal to develop a relatively simple method that would use publicly available data to assess the presence of factors, other than scientific excellence and merit, in an award-making process that is to recognize scientific excellence and merit. Our specific goals were (a) to determine if journal, disease category, or major paper topics affected the scientific-review outcome by (b) developing design and analytic approaches to detect potential bias in the scientific review process. While indeed journal, disease category, and major paper topics were unrelated to winning, our methodology was sensitive enough to detect differences between the ranks of journals for winners and non-winners. |
Public health grand rounds at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: evaluation feedback from a broad community of learners
Iskander J , Ari M , Chen B , Hall S , Ghiya N , Popovic T . J Public Health Manag Pract 2013 20 (5) 542-50 OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relevance and educational benefit of monthly Public Health Grand Rounds (GR), an hour-long interactive lecture series featuring 1 current, relevant public health topic. DESIGN:: Quantitative and qualitative analysis of data evaluating GR format and content submitted by 2063 continuing education (CE) participants. SETTING: Survey data submitted electronically to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention online CE system from January 2010 through December 2011. PARTICIPANTS: Physicians, nurses, pharmacists, health education specialists, and other health care professionals seeking CE credits for Public Health GR. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Proportion of respondents agreeing or strongly agreeing that GR is using educational strategies that enhance user learning and is meeting preidentified learning objectives. RESULTS: On questions involving instructional strategies and delivery methods, 95.0% and 95.6% of respondents, respectively, agreed or strongly agreed that the GR was conducive to learning. More than 90% of respondents agreed or strongly agreed that they could describe the burden of the disease/condition in question and identify key preventive interventions, knowledge gaps, and measures of public health progress. CONCLUSIONS: These evaluation results indicate that the GR is meeting content-specific and educational needs of diverse health care professionals. The GR models organized scientific discussions on evidence and translation into real-world impacts of decreased morbidity, mortality, and health care costs, and links public health to clinical practice. This promotes a greater understanding of the interplay of different health fields and may lead to greater and cross-disciplinary collaborations. |
Educating for the future: another important benefit of data sharing
Feldman L , Patel D , Ortmann L , Robinson K , Popovic T . Lancet 2012 379 (9829) 1877-8 There is growing support for making research data widely available to accelerate the pace of scientific discovery, foster cross-sectoral collaboration, and ultimately enhance the translation of science to clinical and public health practice.1, 2, 3 Towards that goal, major funders of health research have recently launched a joint statement committing to increase the availability of public health research data in ways that are equitable, ethical, and efficient.4 We would like to draw attention to an additional, less widely recognised, yet important benefit of data sharing in the area of public health: education and professional development. | Population-based research is time-consuming and resource-intensive, usually requiring multipartner and cross-sectoral engagements. Graduate students in the area of public health are often unable to do research on their own or within the setting of a smaller research community or laboratory. Yet understanding and analysis of population-based research data is a pivotal component of both graduate training and completion of a master's or doctoral thesis. The inherent richness of population-based research data, its usefulness for analysis through various lenses and points in time, and a natural desire for epidemiology to seek actionable information (ie, information translatable into interventions) justify the greater attention given to the secondary use of data and its fundamental role in public health research and education. |
Investigations of selected historically important syndromic outbreaks: impact and lessons learned for public health preparedness and response
Goodman RA , Posid JM , Popovic T . Am J Public Health 2012 102 (6) 1079-90 Public health readiness has increased at all jurisdictional levels because of increased sensitivity to threats. Since 2001, with billions of dollars invested to bolster the public health system's capacity, the public expects that public health will identify the etiology of and respond to events more rapidly. However, when etiologies are unknown at the onset of the investigation but interventions must be implemented, public health practitioners must benefit from past investigations' lessons to strengthen preparedness for emerging threats. We have identified such potentially actionable lessons learned from historically important public health events that occurred primarily as syndromes for which the etiological agent initially was unknown. Ongoing analysis of investigations can advance our capability to recognize and investigate syndromes and other problems and implement the most appropriate interventions. |
Access to scientific information: from counting to accountability
Popovic T , Araujo J . J Public Health Manag Pract 2012 18 (3) 228-32 Transparency is the basis for accountability, and peer-reviewed publications are major scientific products forproviding transparency about scientific output and pri-orities and for gauging the value of publicly fundedscience and research. Not only do they invite chal-lenge and scrutiny from other scientists but they alsorepresent an accounting of applicable public fund-ing; directly engage an independent, objective, andscientific viewpoint into issues of public importance;and via the mechanism of accountability, both directlyand indirectly, involve segments of American soci-ety in the process of governance. At agencies, wherescience and scientific evidence are the cornerstonesof their public health programs, accountability canbe strengthened with an enterprise information sys-tem for reviewing and approving (clearing) agencyscientific products when that system also yields opera-tional data useful for assessment of the agency’s strate-gic and operational scientific performance. We discussthe value of such an enterprise information systemfor monitoring an agency’s output of peer-reviewedpublications that goes beyond a simple numerical ac-counting of scientific products (eg, peer-review pub-lications) and envision how this type of informationsystem might be used to enhance important issues ofscience quality and excellence. We believe that infor-mation about peer-reviewed publications, along withother scientific products such as patents, data sets, orguidelines, could improve our evaluation and under-standing of the health impact of public health scienceand research. This pathway from knowledge to impactis the cornerstone of scientific credibility, and it logicallystarts with an internal awareness about the importanceof measuring one’s scientific merit |
Laboratory contributions to public health
Dowdle WR , Mayer LW , Steinberg KK , Ghiya ND , Popovic T . MMWR Suppl 2011 60 (4) 27-34 Alexander Langmuir, founder of the CDC Epidemic Intelligence Service (EIS), was quoted in the early 1960s instructing incoming EIS officers that the only need for the laboratory in an outbreak investigation was to "prove their conclusions were right." Understandably, this was not well received by the CDC Laboratory Branch. However, Langmuir's point was not to denigrate the laboratory but to emphasize the power of an investigation based on a solid clinical case definition and established field epidemiologic principles. In truth, in 1960, when CDC assumed responsibility for publishing MMWR, the laboratory provided little added value in many investigations, except to confirm "what the etiologic agent wasn't." Existing diagnostic laboratory procedures for infectious and noninfectious diseases of public health importance were reasonably reliable but basic and laborious. For diagnosis of many diseases and conditions, no laboratory procedures existed. Since 1961, advances in molecular sciences, analytical chemistry, and technology have revolutionized the public health laboratory investigative capacity, capability, and specificity and have emphasized the importance of more independent laboratory research. The term "molecular epidemiology" is widely applied, and the number of diseases for which laboratory diagnoses are available today is substantially larger. This article describes the principles and practices of the state-of-the-art public health laboratory in 1961 and provides examples of scientific, technologic, and strategic advances since that time that characterize the still evolving public health laboratory of the 21st century. | | Browsing through MMWR, volume 10, week 1, January 13, 1961, provides insight into the public health laboratory of 1961 and the topics of most interest and visibility at that time. Subsequently, progress and contributions made by the public health laboratories are provided in a more detailed account by using several illnesses and conditions of public health importance as examples. They span both infectious and noninfectious arenas. Some were listed in the first MMWR summary, but some were not under consideration in 1961 or were yet to be discovered. |
In memoriam: Jocelyn Anne Rankin (1946-2010)
Popovic T . Emerg Infect Dis 2010 16 (12) 2023 Jocelyn Anne Rankin, PhD, chief of the Information Center at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), died on September 19, 2010, at age 63 in her Florida home. Similar to the health professionals in the organization Medecins Sans Frontieres, Jocelyn was a humanitarian and a librarian sans frontieres. Although some make a difference by what they do, others, like Jocelyn, also make a difference by how they do it. She was a true leader and a mentor to many librarians (and not only to librarians but also to scientists and public health professionals) throughout the nation. These colleagues will remain profoundly grateful for her contributions to the world of information science, and will, just as deeply, cherish memories of how she made her professional mark-quietly, respectfully, and selflessly, yet with clear vision, determination, and passion. |
Workforce science: a critical component to ensuring future of health
Popovic T . J Public Health Manag Pract 2009 15 S3-4 The trust in public health, its sceince, and scientists has never been more important than today, when we as a nation, and as a global community, are facing challenges beyond any expectations and predictions during which the public health enterprise is taking a lead in protecting people's health. We are witnessing an unprecedented intersection of environmental factors (natural disasters, global warming, pollution), new and reemerging infectious diseases (three-fourths of which are zoonotic), specific health-related needs of an aging US population (with estimates that starting in 2011, 10000 people will turn 65 every day for the next 20 years) and complex economic issues at home and abroad with dir econsequences on employment rates, standard of living, and ultimately quality of life. Economic recoviery will be difficult to achieve without the economic driving force - it is healthy and productive workforce. Because many of the biggest opportunities for ptrotecting and improving people's health today fall outside the traditional healthcare system, we must leverage our resources and invest both in access to quality healthcare when health needs to be restored and in creating physical, social, and economic conditions that embrace health promotion, including policies that support health and well-being. With that in mind, it is important to emphasize that our nation's public health infrastructure, including our public health workforce, is a core foundation of our ability to aceive the latter (protect people's health and improve quality of life). |
- Page last reviewed:Feb 1, 2024
- Page last updated:May 06, 2024
- Content source:
- Powered by CDC PHGKB Infrastructure